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| Osteochondroma |
| Etiology •Unknown. |
| Pathogenesis •Believed to be the result of displaced fragments of the growth plate causing a displaced epiphysis to grow in an anomalous position., |
| Epidemiology •Three times more common in males than females. |
| General Gross Description •Also known as an exostosis. •Benign lesion composed of a stalk and a rounded bony lesion, capped by cartilage. •Most freqently seen near the ends of long bones. •Irregularly mushroom shaped lesions, from 1-20 centimeters in size. |
| General Microscopic Description •External surface is made of cartilage. •Inner portion composed of bone, often with a marrow cavity. •Both the bone and the cartilage are histologically benign. |
| Clinical Correlation •Common lesion(s). •Can occur as a solitary lesion or as one of multiple lesions. •Individuals with multiple hereditary exostosis, an autosomal dominant hereditary disease, can have several hundred of these lesions. •Present as slow growing masses which can be painful. •Usually discovered in young adulthood. •Usually stop growing when the patient reaches adult height. •In patients with multiple hereditary exostosis, these lesions can be detected in childhood. •Almost always benign; however, in patients with hereditary multiple exostosis, one or more of these lesions can undergo sarcomatous transformation. |
| References • Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th edition. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 1237 |
| Osteochondroma |
| Synopsis by: T.V. Rajan M.D. Ph.D. (T1X000M92100)[66] |
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