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| Squamous Carcinoma of Tongue |
| Etiology • Associated with tobacco use (cigarettes, snuff, chewing tobacco) and alcohol use • Role for human papillomavirus infection as well |
| Pathogenesis • Multistep process associated with chromosomal loss • Exact mechanisms are unclear • Proceed from an intraepithelial lesion to invasive disease, |
| Epidemiology • More common in men than women • Patients are usually >50 • 2-4% of carcinomas overall are oral cavity; >95% are squamous |
| General Gross Description • Elevated white plaque which may fungate and then undergo central necrosis • Gray white firm cut section |
| General Microscopic Description • Nests and strands of cells which have eosinophilic often keratinizing cytoplasm • Nuclei are pleomorphic and hyperchromatic with coarsely granular chromatin • Nucleoli may be prominent. |
| Clinical Correlation • Slow growing lesions that metastasize to regional lymph nodes • Local control may be difficult particularly at the base of the tongue |
| References • Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 740-1. |
| Squamous Carcinoma of Tongue |
| Synopsis by: Melinda Sanders M.D. (T53000M80703)[346] |
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