•Unknown.

•Unknown.

•Endodermal sinus tumor is a type of malignant germ cell tumor.

•Most testicular endodermal sinus tumors of the pure type occur in infants and children under the age of 3.

•Most testicular endodermal sinus tumors of the pure type occur in infants and children under the age of 3.

•Serum alpha fetoprotein levels are elevated in most cases.

•The prognosis for infants and children with endodermal sinus tumors is excellent.

•Many tumors are mixed with other types of testicular germ cell tumor.

•For more information on prognosis and treatment, consult the NCI web site.
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•Tumors are usually well demarcated from surrounding tissues.

•On cut section the tumors are tan to yellow, usually solid with a mucinous quality.

•Microcysts and areas of hemorrhage may be present.

•Histologically the tumor tends to show a network arrangement of tumor cells with glandular and papillary structures.

•Some of the papillary structures resemble glomeruli (Schiller-Duval bodies).

•Scattered isolated or clustered groups of globular hyaline droplets are present which contain alpha fetoprotein and alpha 1 antitrypsin.

• Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 1018.

• Urological Pathology, Murphy WM (ed), Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1989, pp. 336-340.

• Current literature from PubMed at National Library of Medicine