| • The glands are round to oval.
• The cells lining the glands stratified.
• The cells also exhibit hyperchromatic, elongated nuclei and an increased N:C. |
| • The glands are round to oval.
• The cells lining the glands stratified.
• The cells also exhibit hyperchromatic, elongated nuclei and an increased N:C. |
| Simple Hyperplasia |
| Etiology |
•associated
with unopposed estrogen use •may be exogenous (non-cycled estrogens) but generally •endogenous due to peripheral aromatization of adrenal
androgens by adipose in obese women •also associated with granulosa cell tumors and other estrogen producing ovarian tumors as well as polycystic ovary
syndrome |
| Pathogenesis |
•estrogen drives continued proliferation of the
endometrium •in the absence of progesterone maturation of the endometrium
and spiral arteries never occurs, nor does regular menses |
| Epidemiology |
•obese post-menopausal women •may also have diabetes and hypertension (classic triad) |
| Clinical |
•asymptomatic or
post-menopausal bleeding |
| General Gross Description |
•plush,
thick, tan endometrium measuring up 1.0 cms |
| General Micro Description |
•glands exhibit crowding
and often are dilated •pseudostratified nuclei with mitotic activity •cells retain orientation to the lumen •cell nuclei have small nucleoli and normal chromatin |
| Reference |
• Cotran RS, Kumar V, Robbins SL: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders, 1994, pp. 1057-8
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